Dispute Concerning the Detention of Ukrainian Naval Vessels and Servicemen (Ukraine v. the Russian Federation)

On 1 April 2019, Ukraine served on the Russian Federation a Notification and Statement of Claim under Annex VII to the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) referring to a dispute concerning the detention of Ukrainian naval vessels and servicemen. The Permanent Court of Arbitration acts as Registry in this arbitration.


Case information

Name(s) of Claimant(s) Ukraine (State)
Name(s) of Respondent(s) The Russian Federation (State)
Names of Parties -
Case number 2019-28
Administering institution Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA)
Case status Pending
Type of case Inter-state arbitration
Subject matter or economic sector Law of the sea
Procedural rules - Other -
Treaty or contract under which proceedings were commenced

Multilateral treaty
UNCLOS

Language of Proceeding English
Seat of Arbitration (by Country) - N/A -
Arbitrator(s), Conciliator(s), Other Neutral(s)

Judge Gudmundur Eiriksson (Presiding Arbitrator as of 8 August 2024)

Sir Christopher Greenwood, GBE, CMG, KC

Judge James Kateka (as of 8 August 2024)

Judge Kathy-Ann Brown (as of 28 October 2024)

Mr. Nguyễn Hồng Thao (as of 6 February 2026)

Professor Alexander N. Vylegzhanin (as of 30 May 2023 until 20 December 2025)

Professor Joanna Mossop (as of 8 August 2024 until 13 August 2024)

Professor Donald McRae (Member and Presiding Arbitrator until 6 March 2024)

Judge Rüdiger Wolfrum (Member until 6 March 2024)

Judge Vladimir Golitsyn (Member until 26 March 2023)

Representatives of the Claimant(s)

Agent

H.E. Anton Korynevych, Director, International Law Department, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine (as of 10 April 2025)

Ms. Oksana Zolotaryova, Director, International Law Department, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine (as of 8 October 2021 - until 10 April 2025)

H.E. Yevhenii Yenin, Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine (as of 21 May 2020 - until 8 October 2021)

H.E. Ms. Olena Zerkal, Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine (until 21 May 2020)

 

Co-Agent

H.E. Vsevelod Chentsov, Head of Mission of Ukraine to the European Union and the European Atomic Energy Community (as of 21 May 2020)

 

Counsel

Ms. Oksana Zolotaryova, Director, International Law Department, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine (until 8 October 2021)

Ms. Marney L. Cheek, Covington & Burling LLP

Mr. Jonathan Gimblett, Covington & Burling LLP

Mr. David M. Zionts, Covington & Burling LLP

Mr. Nikhil V. Gore, Covington & Burling LLP

Professor Alfred H.A. Soons

Professor Jean-Marc Thouvenin

Representatives of the Respondent(s)

Agents

Mr. Gennady Kuzmin, Deputy Permanent Representative of the Russian Federation at the United Nations, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (as of 17 February 2023)

H.E. Mr. Vladimir Tarabrin, Ambassador of the Russian Federation in the Kingdom of the Netherlands (as of 3 April 2024)

H.E. Mr. Alexander Shulgin, Ambassador of the Russian Federation in the Kingdom of the Netherlands (as of 17 February 2023 - until 13 March 2024)

H.E. Mr. Dmitry Lobach, Ambassador-at-large, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (until 17 February 2023)

 

Counsel

Mr. Kirill Udovichenko, Monastyrsky, Zyuba, Stepanov & Partners (MZS) (as of 24 November 2022)

Mr. Sergey Korolev, Monastyrsky, Zyuba, Stepanov & Partners (MZS) (as of 24 November 2022)

Ms. Anna Kostina, Monastyrsky, Zyuba, Stepanov & Partners (MZS) (as of 24 November 2022)

Mr. Mikhail Abramov, Monastyrsky, Zyuba, Stepanov & Partners (MZS)(as of 24 November 2022)

Mr. Artem Lupandin, Monastyrsky, Zyuba, Stepanov & Partners (MZS) (as of 24 November 2022)

Mr. Anatoly Balan, Monastyrsky, Zyuba, Stepanov & Partners (MZS) (as of 24 November 2022)

Ms. Anastasia Taranova, Monastyrsky, Zyuba, Stepanov & Partners (MZS) (as of 24 November 2022)

Ms. Irina Donskikh, Monastyrsky, Zyuba, Stepanov & Partners (MZS) (as of 24 November 2022)

Ms. Ksenia Galkina, Second Secretary, Ministry of Foreign Affairs  

Dr. Bing Bing Jia, School of Law, Tsinghua University (as of 24 November 2022 - until 26 January 2024)

Mr. Onur Sabri Durak, Peking University (as of 24 November 2022 - until 14 April 2023)

Mr. Vasily Torkanovskiy, Ivanyan and Partners (until 1 October 2022)

Mr. Andrey Gorlenko, Ivanyan and Partners (until 1 October 2022)

Ms. Elena Burova, Ivanyan and Partners (until 1 October 2022)

Professor Alain Pellet (until 17 March 2022)

Professor Tullio Treves, Curtis, Mallet-Prevost, Colt & Mosle LLP (until 17 March 2022)

Mr. Samuel Wordsworth, QC, Essex Court Chambers (until 17 March 2022)

Ms. Amy Sander, Essex Court Chambers (until 17 March 2022)

Mr. Sergey Usoskin (until 17 March 2022)

Ms. Tessa Barsac (until 17 March 2022)

Mr. Renato Raymundo Treves, Curtis, Mallet-Prevost, Colt & Mosle LLP (until 17 March 2022)

Representatives of the Parties
Number of Arbitrators in case 5
Date of commencement of proceeding 01 April 2019
Date of issue of final award -
Length of Proceedings Pending
Additional notes -

Documents

Written submission

Preliminary objections of the Russian Federation
Download | 24 August 2020 | English | 2 MB
Observations of Ukraine on the question of bifurcation
Download | 07 September 2020 | English | 545 KB
Response of the Russian Federation to the observations of Ukraine on the question of bifurcation
Download | 21 September 2020 | English | 1 MB
Reply of Ukraine to the response of the Russian Federation on the question of bifurcation
Download | 28 September 2020 | English | 307 KB
Written observations and submissions of Ukraine on the Preliminary objections of the Russian Federation on Preliminary objections
Download | 27 January 2021 | English | 2 MB
Russian Federation - Legal authorities
Download | 06 October 2021 | English | filesize missing
Russian Federation's Statement of Challenges to Prof McRae and Judge Wolfrum
Download | 24 November 2023 | English | 340 KB
Russian Federation's Supplementary Statement on Challenges
Download | 22 December 2023 | English | 115 KB
Ukraine's Response on Challenges
Download | 19 January 2024 | English | 428 KB
Russian Federation's Reply on Challenges
Download | 07 February 2024 | English | 816 KB
Ukraine's Rejoinder on Challenges
Download | 19 February 2024 | English | 485 KB
Russian Federation's Supplementary Comments on Challenges
Download | 22 February 2024 | English | 12 MB
Ukraine's Supplementary Response on Challenges
Download | 24 February 2024 | English | 309 KB
Letter dated 9 August 2024 from the Russian Federation
Download | 09 August 2024 | English | 579 KB
Letter dated 6 September 2024 from the Russian Federation
Download | 06 September 2024 | English | 465 KB
Letter dated 9 September 2024 from Judge James Kateka
Download | 09 September 2024 | English | 1 MB
Letter dated 22 November 2024 from Ukraine
Download | 22 November 2024 | English | 530 KB
Letter dated 6 December 2024 from the Russian Federation
Download | 06 December 2024 | English | 592 KB
Letter dated 20 December 2024 from Ukraine
Download | 20 December 2024 | English | 923 KB
Letter dated 20 January 2025 from Ukraine
Download | 20 January 2025 | English | 261 KB
Letter dated 24 January 2025 from Judge James Kateka
Download | 24 January 2025 | English | 178 KB
Letter dated 6 February 2025 from Ukraine
Download | 06 February 2025 | English | 303 KB
Letter dated 21 August 2025 from the Russian Federation
Download | 21 August 2025 | English | 552 KB
Letter dated 4 September 2025 from Ukraine
Download | 04 September 2025 | English | 690 KB

Award or other decision

Award on Preliminary Objections
Download | 27 June 2022 | English | 1 MB
Dissenting Opinion of Sir Christopher Greenwood
Download | 06 March 2024 | English | 147 KB
Dissenting Opinion of Prof Alexander Vylegzhanin
Download | 11 April 2025 | English | 232 KB
Decision on the Objection to the Constitution of the Arbitral Tribunal
Download | 29 July 2025 | English | 949 KB
Dissenting Opinion of Prof Alexander Vylegzhanin
Download | 29 July 2025 | English | 216 KB

Image

H.E. Mr. Dmitry Lobach, Agent of the Russian Federation
Download | 11 October 2021 | English | filesize missing
Ms. Oksana Zolotaryova, Agent of Ukraine
Download | 12 October 2021 | English | filesize missing

Video

Introductions of the Parties and Opening Statement of H.E. Mr. Dmitry Lobach, Agent for the Russian Federation
Download | 11 October 2021 | English | filesize missing
Opening Statement of Ms. Oksana Zolotaryova, Agent for Ukraine
Download | 12 October 2021 | English | filesize missing

Transcript/Minutes

Opening Statement of the Russian Federation Transcript
Download | 11 October 2021 | English | 69 KB
Opening Statement of Ukraine Transcript
Download | 12 October 2021 | English | 53 KB

Cases